1. Which of the following has the highest hydroxyl ion concentration?

(A) HCl

(B) HNO3

(C) NaOH

(D) NH4OH

2. The electron was discovered by

(A) Milikan

(B) Dalton

(C) Moseley

(D) Thompson

3. An important ore of aluminum is

(A) bauxite

(B) galena

(C) cassiterite

(D) dolomite

4. The alkali metals are never found uncombined because they

(A) are very reactive

(B) are very strong

(C) have high densities

(D) have high melting points

5. A dense white fume is formed when hydrogen chloride gas reacts with

(A) CO2

(B) NH3

(C) NO2

(D) H2S

6. The factors that lowers the activation energy of a chemical reaction is

(A) pressure

(B) temperature

(C) catalyst

(D) concentration

7. Calculate the mass of copper dense when a current of 0.5A passes through a solute of CuSO4 for 90 mins

(A) 0.5g

(B) 0.6g

(C) 0.448g

(D) 0.896g

8. Mild oxidation of propan-1-ol will yield

(A) propane

(B) propanone

(C) propanal

(D) propanoic acid

Topic: Organic Chemistry (Alcohols Oxidation)

Correct Option: (C) propanal

Detailed Explanation:

Propan-1-ol is a primary alcohol. Mild oxidation of a primary alcohol yields an aldehyde (propanal in this case). Stronger oxidation would lead to a carboxylic acid (propanoic acid). Propanone is a ketone, formed from secondary alcohol oxidation. Propane is an alkane

9. Ozone is
(A) an allotrope of sulphur
(B) an allotrope of oxygen
(C) an isotope of oxygen
(D) a diatomic element

10. If the difference in electronegativity of elements X and Y is 2.9, the bond that will be formed between them is
(A) covalent
(B) metallic
(C) ionic
(D) dative

11. A compound that gives a brick red colour to a non-luminous flame is likely to contain
(A) aluminum ions
(B) copper ions
(C) sodium ions
(D) calcium ions

12. Ethyne is passed through a hot tube containing organo-nickel catalyst to produce
(A) methanol
(B) benzene
(C) cyclohexane
(D) polythene

13. The petroleum fraction that is used in heating furnaces in industries is
(A) lubricating oil
(B) diesel oil
(C) gasoline
(D) kerosene

14. How many unpaired electrons are there in the p-orbitals of a nitrogen atom?
(A)1
(B) 3
(C) 5
(D)2

15. An insoluble salt can be prepared by
(A) the action of dilute acid on an insoluble base
(B) neutralizing a weak acid by a strong base
(C) double decomposition
(D) displacement reaction

16. An organic compound with a pleasant smell is likely to have a general formula
(A) CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1
(B) CnH2n+1CHO
(C) CnH2n+1COCnH2n+1
(D) CnH2n+1COOH

17. Commercial bleaching can be carried out using
(A) SO2 and NH3
(B) H2S and Cl2
(C) Cl₂ and SO2
(D) NH3 and Cl₂

18. The alkyne that will give a white precipitate with silver trioxonitrate (v) is
(A) CH3CH2C = CCH2CH3
(B) CH3C = CCH2CH2CH3
(C) CH3CH2CH2CH2C = CH
(D) CH3CH2CH2C = CCH2CH3

19. The saponification of an alkanoate to produce soap and alkanol involves
(A) dehydration
(B) esterification
(C) hydrolysis
(D) oxidation

20. Water can be obtained as the only product during the
(A) combustion of hydrocarbons
(B) neutralization of an acid by a base
(C) combustion of hydrogen
(D) electrolysis of brine

1. Question: The defect of the eye lens which occurs when the ciliary muscles are weak is called

   • (A) myopia

   • (B) presbyopia

   • (C) spherical aberration

   • (D) astigmatism

2. Question: The majority carriers in a p-type semiconductors are

• • (A) electrons

  • (B) diodes

  • (C) valence band

  • (D) holes

3. Question: The thermometric property for thermocouple is change in

• • (A) length

  • (B) volume

  • (C) electromotive force

  • (D) resistance
    

4. Question: An example of a non-rechargeable cell is

• • (A) nickel-iron

  • (B) dry leclanche

  • (C) mercury-cadmium

  • (C) lead-acid
    

5. Question: The slope of the graph above represents

• • (A) surface tension

  • (B) elasticity

  • (C) Young's modulus

  • (C) viscosity
    

6. Question: The mixture of red and cyan colour will produce

• • (A) yellow

  • (B) white

  • (C) green

  • (D) magenta
    

7. Question: Calculate the power dissipated in the 2Ω resistor if the power dissipated in the 4Ω resistor is 5W

• • (A)10W

  • (B) 30W

  • (C) 40W

  • (D) 20W

8. Question: The velocity ratio of an inclined plane which makes an angle of 60° to the horizontal is

• • (A) 1.255

  • (B) 1.055

  • (C) 1.155

  • (D) 2.00

9. Question: If the effective capacitance between A and B is 2µF, calculate the value of x

• • (A) 6µF

  • (B) 8µF

  • (C) 4µF

  • (D) 16µF
    

10. Question: The dimension of power is

• • (A) ML²T⁻²

  • (B) ML²T⁻³

  • (C)ML⁻¹T⁻²

  • (D) MLT²
    

11. Question: Electrolysis can be investigated using

• • (A) voltmeter

  • (B) galvanometer

  • (C) Ammeter

  • (D) Voltameter
    

12. Question: Find the amount of current that should be passed for 120s to deposit 0.002kg of a metal. [Electrochemical equivalent of the metal = 1.3 x 10⁻⁷kgC⁻¹]

• • (A) 1.3 × 10³A

  • (B) 1.3 × 10⁵A

  • (C) 7.8 × 10⁻²A

  • (D) 7.8 × 10⁻⁴A

13. Question: Two tuning forks of frequencies 10Hz and 8Hz are sounded together, the beat frequency is

• • (A) 2Hz

  • (B) 18Hz

  • (C) 8Hz

  • (D) 80Hz

14. Question: Which of the following combinations will increase the stability of an object?

• • (A) wide base and low centre of gravity

  • (B) Narrow base and high centre of gravity

  • (C) Narrow base and low centre of gravity

  • (D) wide base and high centre of gravity
    

15. Question: The sharpness of the image formed by a pin-hole camera can be enhanced by

• • (A) increasing the size of the hole

  • (B) ensuring that the hole is a pin size

  • (C) giving the screen a white coating

  • (D) placing the object further away from the hole
    

16. Question: A missile of mass 10kg is projected at an angle of 30° to the horizontal with an initial velocity 10ms⁻¹. What is the time of flight?

• • (A) 16s

  • (B) 1.96s

  • (C) 1.0s

  • (D) 3.5s
    

17. Question: If a Jewel is placed at the bottom of a pond 5m deep, calculate the apparent displacement of the jewel when it is viewed directly from above the pond [Refractive index of water = 4/3]

• • (A) 1.75m

  • (B) 1.25m

  • (C)3.75m

  • (D) 2.25m
    

18. Question: Which of the following is used as a control rod in nuclear reactors?

• • (A) carbon

  • (B) boron

  • (C) plutonium

  • (D) lead

19. Question: Photometer is used to measure

• • (A) wavelength of light

  • (B) frequency of light

  • (C) intensity of light

  • (D) kinetic energy of liberated electrons

20. Question: From the diagram, current X is

• (A) 8A

• (B) 2A

• (C) 15A

• (D) 20A
  

PASSAGE 1
Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

Gender equality, a concept that should be self-evident, remains a persistent and pressing issue worldwide. It is not merely a matter of fairness; it is a fundamental human right and a catalyst for societal progress. The pursuit of a world where everyone, regardless of gender,
has equal opportunities to thrive is a moral imperative that underpins economic growth, social justice, and global stability.

At the heart of gender inequality lies the systemic devaluation of women and girls. This manifests in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited access to education and healthcare, economic disparities, and violence against women. The
consequences of such inequality are far- reaching, affecting not only women but also men, children, and communities as a whole.

Economically, gender equality is a powerful driver of growth. Studies have shown that countries with higher levels of gender equality tend to have stronger economies. When women are empowered to participate fully in
the workforce, they contribute to innovation, entrepreneurship, and overall productivity.

Moreover, investing in women's education and health leads to higher incomes, reduced poverty rates, and improved child outcomes. Beyond economic prosperity, gender equality is essential for social progress. It is
inextricably linked to issues such as poverty, health, education, and political participation.

When women are denied equal opportunities, it perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization. Conversely, empowering women leads to stronger families, healthier communities, and more stable societies.

Gender-based violence is a pervasive human rights violation that has devastating consequences for individuals and communities. It hinders women's ability to participate fully in society, undermines their physical and mental health, and perpetuates
gender inequality By challenging harmful gender norms and promoting gender equality, we can create safer environments for all.

Achieving gender equality requires a multi- faceted approach that addresses both underlying causes and immediate challenges. It involves enacting and enforcing laws that protect women's rights, investing in education
and healthcare for girls and women, promoting women's leadership, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes. It also necessitates engaging men and boys as partners in creating a more equitable world.

While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done. We must continue to advocate for policies and practices that promote gender equality at all levels of society. This includes ensuring equal pay for
equal work, increasing women's representation in leadership positions, and providing access to quality education and healthcare for all.

In conclusion, gender equality is not a luxury but a necessity. It is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of a just, equitable, and sustainable world. By working together to dismantle the barriers that prevent women and
girls from reaching their full potential, we can create a brighter future for all.

1.Which of the following titles best reflects the main idea of the passage?

• A. The Global Struggle for Women's Right

• B. Gender Equality: A Foundation for Human Progress

• C. Women and Economic Development

• D. The Impact of Gender-Based Violence

PASSAGE 1
Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

Gender equality, a concept that should be self-evident, remains a persistent and pressing issue worldwide. It is not merely a matter of fairness; it is a fundamental human right and a catalyst for societal progress. The pursuit of a world where everyone, regardless of gender,
has equal opportunities to thrive is a moral imperative that underpins economic growth, social justice, and global stability.

At the heart of gender inequality lies the systemic devaluation of women and girls. This manifests in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited access to education and healthcare, economic disparities, and violence against women. The
consequences of such inequality are far- reaching, affecting not only women but also men, children, and communities as a whole.

Economically, gender equality is a powerful driver of growth. Studies have shown that countries with higher levels of gender equality tend to have stronger economies. When women are empowered to participate fully in
the workforce, they contribute to innovation, entrepreneurship, and overall productivity.

Moreover, investing in women's education and health leads to higher incomes, reduced poverty rates, and improved child outcomes. Beyond economic prosperity, gender equality is essential for social progress. It is
inextricably linked to issues such as poverty, health, education, and political participation.

When women are denied equal opportunities, it perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization. Conversely, empowering women leads to stronger families, healthier communities, and more stable societies.

Gender-based violence is a pervasive human rights violation that has devastating consequences for individuals and communities. It hinders women's ability to participate fully in society, undermines their physical and mental health, and perpetuates
gender inequality By challenging harmful gender norms and promoting gender equality, we can create safer environments for all.

Achieving gender equality requires a multi- faceted approach that addresses both underlying causes and immediate challenges. It involves enacting and enforcing laws that protect women's rights, investing in education
and healthcare for girls and women, promoting women's leadership, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes. It also necessitates engaging men and boys as partners in creating a more equitable world.

While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done. We must continue to advocate for policies and practices that promote gender equality at all levels of society. This includes ensuring equal pay for
equal work, increasing women's representation in leadership positions, and providing access to quality education and healthcare for all.

In conclusion, gender equality is not a luxury but a necessity. It is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of a just, equitable, and sustainable world. By working together to dismantle the barriers that prevent women and
girls from reaching their full potential, we can create a brighter future for all.

2. How does the author illustrate the far-reaching consequences of gender inequality?

• A. By focusing solely on the economic impact.

• B. By emphasizing the physical and mental health consequences for women.

• C. By highlighting the effects on both women and men, as well as children and communities.

• D. By primarily discussing the issue of gender-based violence.

PASSAGE 1
Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

Gender equality, a concept that should be self-evident, remains a persistent and pressing issue worldwide. It is not merely a matter of fairness; it is a fundamental human right and a catalyst for societal progress. The pursuit of a world where everyone, regardless of gender,
has equal opportunities to thrive is a moral imperative that underpins economic growth, social justice, and global stability.

At the heart of gender inequality lies the systemic devaluation of women and girls. This manifests in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited access to education and healthcare, economic disparities, and violence against women. The
consequences of such inequality are far- reaching, affecting not only women but also men, children, and communities as a whole.

Economically, gender equality is a powerful driver of growth. Studies have shown that countries with higher levels of gender equality tend to have stronger economies. When women are empowered to participate fully in
the workforce, they contribute to innovation, entrepreneurship, and overall productivity.

Moreover, investing in women's education and health leads to higher incomes, reduced poverty rates, and improved child outcomes. Beyond economic prosperity, gender equality is essential for social progress. It is
inextricably linked to issues such as poverty, health, education, and political participation.

When women are denied equal opportunities, it perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization. Conversely, empowering women leads to stronger families, healthier communities, and more stable societies.

Gender-based violence is a pervasive human rights violation that has devastating consequences for individuals and communities. It hinders women's ability to participate fully in society, undermines their physical and mental health, and perpetuates
gender inequality By challenging harmful gender norms and promoting gender equality, we can create safer environments for all.

Achieving gender equality requires a multi- faceted approach that addresses both underlying causes and immediate challenges. It involves enacting and enforcing laws that protect women's rights, investing in education
and healthcare for girls and women, promoting women's leadership, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes. It also necessitates engaging men and boys as partners in creating a more equitable world.

While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done. We must continue to advocate for policies and practices that promote gender equality at all levels of society. This includes ensuring equal pay for
equal work, increasing women's representation in leadership positions, and providing access to quality education and healthcare for all.

In conclusion, gender equality is not a luxury but a necessity. It is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of a just, equitable, and sustainable world. By working together to dismantle the barriers that prevent women and
girls from reaching their full potential, we can create a brighter future for all.

3. What is the main argument presented about the economic implications of gender equality?

• A. Women are solely responsible for economic growth.

• B. Gender equality is essential for achieving economic prosperity.

• C. Economic disparities between genders are inevitable.

• D. Investing in men's education is more beneficial for the economy.

PASSAGE 1
Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

Gender equality, a concept that should be self-evident, remains a persistent and pressing issue worldwide. It is not merely a matter of fairness; it is a fundamental human right and a catalyst for societal progress. The pursuit of a world where everyone, regardless of gender,
has equal opportunities to thrive is a moral imperative that underpins economic growth, social justice, and global stability.

At the heart of gender inequality lies the systemic devaluation of women and girls. This manifests in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited access to education and healthcare, economic disparities, and violence against women. The
consequences of such inequality are far- reaching, affecting not only women but also men, children, and communities as a whole.

Economically, gender equality is a powerful driver of growth. Studies have shown that countries with higher levels of gender equality tend to have stronger economies. When women are empowered to participate fully in
the workforce, they contribute to innovation, entrepreneurship, and overall productivity.

Moreover, investing in women's education and health leads to higher incomes, reduced poverty rates, and improved child outcomes. Beyond economic prosperity, gender equality is essential for social progress. It is
inextricably linked to issues such as poverty, health, education, and political participation.

When women are denied equal opportunities, it perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization. Conversely, empowering women leads to stronger families, healthier communities, and more stable societies.

Gender-based violence is a pervasive human rights violation that has devastating consequences for individuals and communities. It hinders women's ability to participate fully in society, undermines their physical and mental health, and perpetuates
gender inequality By challenging harmful gender norms and promoting gender equality, we can create safer environments for all.

Achieving gender equality requires a multi- faceted approach that addresses both underlying causes and immediate challenges. It involves enacting and enforcing laws that protect women's rights, investing in education
and healthcare for girls and women, promoting women's leadership, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes. It also necessitates engaging men and boys as partners in creating a more equitable world.

While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done. We must continue to advocate for policies and practices that promote gender equality at all levels of society. This includes ensuring equal pay for
equal work, increasing women's representation in leadership positions, and providing access to quality education and healthcare for all.

In conclusion, gender equality is not a luxury but a necessity. It is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of a just, equitable, and sustainable world. By working together to dismantle the barriers that prevent women and
girls from reaching their full potential, we can create a brighter future for all.

4. What does the term "systemic devaluation" imply in the context of gender inequality?

• A. Individual acts of discrimination against women.

• B. Widespread and institutionalized undervaluing of women.

• C. The economic consequences of gender inequality.

• D. The psychological impact of gender inequality.

PASSAGE 1
Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

Gender equality, a concept that should be self-evident, remains a persistent and pressing issue worldwide. It is not merely a matter of fairness; it is a fundamental human right and a catalyst for societal progress. The pursuit of a world where everyone, regardless of gender,
has equal opportunities to thrive is a moral imperative that underpins economic growth, social justice, and global stability.

At the heart of gender inequality lies the systemic devaluation of women and girls. This manifests in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited access to education and healthcare, economic disparities, and violence against women. The
consequences of such inequality are far- reaching, affecting not only women but also men, children, and communities as a whole.

Economically, gender equality is a powerful driver of growth. Studies have shown that countries with higher levels of gender equality tend to have stronger economies. When women are empowered to participate fully in
the workforce, they contribute to innovation, entrepreneurship, and overall productivity.

Moreover, investing in women's education and health leads to higher incomes, reduced poverty rates, and improved child outcomes. Beyond economic prosperity, gender equality is essential for social progress. It is
inextricably linked to issues such as poverty, health, education, and political participation.

When women are denied equal opportunities, it perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization. Conversely, empowering women leads to stronger families, healthier communities, and more stable societies.

Gender-based violence is a pervasive human rights violation that has devastating consequences for individuals and communities. It hinders women's ability to participate fully in society, undermines their physical and mental health, and perpetuates
gender inequality By challenging harmful gender norms and promoting gender equality, we can create safer environments for all.

Achieving gender equality requires a multi- faceted approach that addresses both underlying causes and immediate challenges. It involves enacting and enforcing laws that protect women's rights, investing in education
and healthcare for girls and women, promoting women's leadership, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes. It also necessitates engaging men and boys as partners in creating a more equitable world.

While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done. We must continue to advocate for policies and practices that promote gender equality at all levels of society. This includes ensuring equal pay for
equal work, increasing women's representation in leadership positions, and providing access to quality education and healthcare for all.

In conclusion, gender equality is not a luxury but a necessity. It is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of a just, equitable, and sustainable world. By working together to dismantle the barriers that prevent women and
girls from reaching their full potential, we can create a brighter future for all.

5. How does the word "imperative" emphasize the importance of gender equality?

• A. It suggests that gender equality is optional.

• B. It indicates that gender equality is a matter of urgency and necessity.

• C. It implies that gender equality is a personal preference.

• D. It emphasizes the economic benefits of gender equality.

.

 choose the option opposite in meaning to the word in italics.

The lifespan of a mayfly is ephemeral.

• A. permanent

• B. fleeting

• C. momentary

• D. transitory

choose the option opposite in meaning to the word in italics.

After winning the lottery, she felt euphoric and couldn't stop smiling.

• A. ecstatic

• B. elated

• C. despondent

• D. joyful

choose the option opposite in meaning to the word in italics.

He was a taciturn man who rarely spoke.

• A. reticent

• B. loquacious

• C. reserved

• D. quiet

choose the option opposite in meaning to the word in italics.

The philanthropist was known for her magnanimous donations.

• A. generous

• B. benevolent

• C. petty

• D. altruistic

choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s).

The bus was travelling at a high ______ when the accident occurred.

• A. acceleration

• B. speed

• C. velocity

• D. rapidity.

choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s).

Our English teacher taught us ______.

• A. Pronunciation

• B. Pronounciation

• C. Pronounceation

• D. Pronunceation

choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s).

The old man, together with his children, ______ appreciation for the gift.

• A. show

• B. shows

• C. showing

• D. are showing

choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s).

The police are ______ an investigation into the robbery.

• A. doing

• B. making

• C. organising

• D. conducting

choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s).

A vote of confidence was passed ______ the president.

• A. over

• B. in

• C. on

• D. upon

select the word that has the same pattern of stress as the given word.

REPRISAL

• A. entourage.

• B. attendant

• C. testify

• D. register

select the word that has the same pattern of stress as the given word.

APPARENT

• A. telephone

• B. arrested

• C. paragraph

• D. appetite

select the word that has the same pattern of stress as the given word.

REFUSE (noun)

• A. reform

• B. intact

• C. obscure

• D. phantom

identify the word that has the stress on the second syllable.

A. tomato B. photograph C. yesterday D. tranquil

identify the word that has the stress on the second syllable.

 A. madam B. always C. result D. biscuit

 Question1 : Which of the following is the terminal portion of the alimentary canal of a mammal? (A) oesophagus (B) stomach (C) Rectum (D) colon

2. Nitrogen is utilized in (A) formation of ATP (B) formation of glucose (C) photosynthesis (D) formation of amino acids

A tapeworm has no alimentary canal because (A) it is autotrophic (B) it does not feed (C) it absorbs digested food (D) it has no enzymes

4. What is the genotype of a child from a man with normal haemoglobin (AA) and a woman who has sickle-cell haemoglobin (SS)? (A) AA (B) SS (C) AS (D) O

5. The axial skeleton of a mammal does not include the bones of the (A) skull (B) tail (C) limbs (D) back

The division thallophyta comprises (A) ferns and mosses (B) algae and fungi (C) mosses and liverworts (D) fungi and ferns

Question 2

Question: The Euglena may be classified as a plant due to its possession of
(A) gullet
(B) flagellum
(C) chloroplast
(D) pellicle

Question 3

Question: Which of the following is the terminal portion of the alimentary canal of a mammal?
(A) oesophagus
(B) stomach
(C) Rectum
(D) colon

Question 4

Question: An organism that dwells on the remains of a dead plant is a/an
(A) parasite
(B) saprophyte
(C) enigma
(D) commensal

Question 5

Question: A Secchi disc is used in the determination of
(A) rainfall
(B) tides
(C) waves
(D) turbidity

Question 6

Question: The blood vessel which carries digested food from the small intestine to the liver is the
(A) renal artery
(B) hepatic portal vein
(C) hepatic artery
(D) renal vein

Question 7

Question: Nitrogen is utilized in
(A) formation of ATP
(B) formation of glucose
(C) photosynthesis
(D) formation of amino acids

Question 8

Question: Which of the following organs produces bile?
(A) Gall bladder
(B) pancreas
(C) spleen
(D) liver

Question 9

Question: Which part of the brain is concerned with reflexes controlling the rate of heartbeat and breathing?
(A) medulla
(B) cerebrum
(C) cerebellum
(D) pineal body

Question 10

Question: Which of the following is cold-blooded?
(A) cat
(B) lizard
(C) whale
(D) bird

Question 1

Question: The cilia in paramecium function for
(A) locomotion
(B) respiration
(C) excretion
(D) defence